AUTISM AWARENESS
AUTISM; AWARENESS
WHAT IS AUTISM ?
Autism is a
neurological condition that affects one or more of the senses, which is also
termed as a developmental disorder where an individual has difficulty with
social interactions in community often leaving them socially isolated.
Autism, also called as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a condition that include difficulty
with communication and have trouble of understanding what other people are
thinking and feeling and this makes so hard to express their actions either
with the words or through gestures or facial expressions and touch, and also
restricted interests and repetative behaviours.
Autism is not an
illness or disease and cannot be ‘cured’. It occurs in all ethnic, racial,
and economic groups.
SYMPTOMS OF AUTISM;
ü
Lack of eye contact
ü
Doing something repetitive over and
over
ü
Sensitive to sounds , touch, smell or
sight which is ordinary to other people
ü
Not listening to other people
ü
Some children with autism also have
seizures until adolescence.
AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS;
It includes
Ø Asperger’s disorder;
Refers that children appeared to have
characteristics of autism like difficulties with social interactions or
nonverbal communication but don’t have a problem with delay of language,
clumsiness and intense but narrow interests.
Ø
Autistic
disorder;
It refers to problem with social
interactions, communications, and children younger than 3 years.
Ø Childhood disintegrative disorder;
It is used to describe the late onset
of developmental delays, so these children developed normally for their age,
but then they lose some or most of their social and communication skills between
age 2 &10 sometime.
Ø Pervasive developmental disorder(PDD or atypical autism);
In which patients meet some but not
all features of autism or Asperger’s syndrome or childhood disintegrative
disorder, like delay in social and communication skills.
Causes of Autism;
No guidelines for preventing
·
Damage of
the immune system due to maternal or vitamin D deficiency.
·
In children
with abnormal vitamin D deficiency.
·
Autism,
about 40% inherited from parents and 60% was likely to be caused by environmental
factors such as lack of vitamin D; vaccines; certain foods; exposure of
children to drugs; insufficient exposure of sunlight.
·
Genetic factors; the most significant cause.
·
which
prevents the body from producing a protein called FMRP, where this FMR1 GENE is
found on X chromosomes in which females [XX] have two copies of FMR1 and males
[XY] have only one copy. However, the genetic mutation or the cause due to
genetic factor, due to which the damaged genes causes autism spectrum disorder,
has still not been identified.
·
Use of
psychiatric drugs by mother during pregnancy; diabetes.
Treatment & Therapy;
Disabilities are life long and there is no known cure
·
Biomedical
ü Medication [antipsychotics]
ü Diets [should be gluten free, casein
free diet]
·
Behavioural
ü Applied behavior analysis [ABA]; this treatment is diagnosed to small
children within the age of 5 or less to improve their behavior and train them
in good behavior, learning, playing and others
ü Son-rise program; is termed as the 5 days training program for parents, caretakers and
professionals looking for developmental progress in their children in age group
of 18 months to 60 years.
·
Communication therapies
ü Sign language
ü Facilitated communication [FC]
·
Other therapies
ü Music therapy
ü Service dogs
D.yamini sai nikitha
B.pharmacy 4th
yr
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